Conflict over religious matters was certainly not unique to the Protestant Reformation era. In the years following the Reformation, many intense conflicts took place in Europe and elsewhere, many of which were the result of theological differences or disagreement over the proper form of worship. On other occasions we find that conflict took place over various political matters, conflicts that were often related to the religious conflicts of the time. Many of the individuals we esteem highly in church history are well known for their heroic acts and for their willingness to courageously defend the truth of scripture regardless of the outcome. While there is much to be said for those who exhibit courage and zeal, we must also keep in mind that God calls his people to faithfully serve human authorities, as unappealing as this may often be. In many cases, human authorities are anything but models of righteousness and virtue. This was certainly the case during the first century when Peter instructed his readers to submit to every human authority (1 Peter 2:13). Nevertheless, Peter calls his readers to submit to human authority. Even at a time in which Nero served as emperor and many others served in positions of authority who were clearly not allies of the church, Peter reminds us of the importance of faithful obedience to those serving in positions of authority. Finding a balance between humble submission and the courageous proclamation of the truth has not always been easy for God’s people to assess.
As you think about the various movements and conflicts that took place in the years following the Reformation, please answer the following questions.
- Considering Christians during this time, how did they defend the faith? On the opposite side, how did they fail to follow Peter’s instruction?
- How do we find a balance between submission to governing authorities and our defense of the Gospel today?
- What are some of the ways you believe that Christians could live out the truths recorded by Peter?
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